Association of seat belt use with death: a comparison of estimates based on data from police and estimates based on data from trained crash investigators.
نویسنده
چکیده
OBJECTIVE Estimates of any protective effect of seat belts could be exaggerated if some crash survivors falsely claimed to police that they were belted in order to avoid a fine. The aim of this study was to determine whether estimates of seat belt effectiveness differed when based on belt use as recorded by the police and belt use determined by trained crash investigators. DESIGN Matched cohort study. SETTING United States. SUBJECTS Adult driver-passenger pairs in the same vehicle with at least one death (n=1689) sampled from crashes during 1988-2000; data from the National Accident Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Risk ratio for death among belted occupants compared with those not belted. RESULTS Trained investigators determined post-crash seat belt use by vehicle inspections for 92% of the occupants, confidential interviews with survivors for 5%, and medical or autopsy reports for 3%. Using this information, the adjusted risk ratio for belted persons was 0.36 (95% confidence interval 0.29 to 0.46). The risk ratio was also 0.36 using police reported belt use for the same crashes. CONCLUSIONS Estimates of seat belt effects based upon police data were not substantially different from estimates which used data obtained by trained crash investigators who were not police officers. These results were from vehicles in which at least one front seat occupant died; these findings may not apply to estimates which use data from crashes without a death.
منابع مشابه
Comparison of Estimates Using Record Statistics from Lomax Model: Bayesian and Non Bayesian Approaches
This paper address the problem of Bayesian estimation of the parameters, reliability and hazard function in the context of record statistics values from the two-parameter Lomax distribution. The ML and the Bayes estimates based on records are derived for the two unknown parameters and the survival time parameters, reliability and hazard functions. The Bayes estimates are obtained based on conju...
متن کاملApplication and Comparison of the Theories of Health Belief Model and Planned Behavior in Determining the Predictive Factors Associated with Seat Belt Use among Drivers in Sabzevar
Introduction: After heart diseases, traffic accidents are the main leading cause of mortality in the country. This is while seat belt use can significantly decrease the risk of mortality up to 41 to 50 percent. The rate of seat belt use among Iranian drivers is reported to be 3 to 56 percent. This study aimed to determine the predictive factors of seat belt use among drivers of Sabzevar based o...
متن کاملA joint econometric analysis of seat belt use and crash-related injury severity.
This paper formulates a comprehensive econometric structure that recognizes two important issues in crash-related injury severity analysis. First, the impact of a factor on injury severity may be moderated by various observed and unobserved variables specific to an individual or to a crash. Second, seat belt use is likely to be endogenous to injury severity. That is, it is possible that intrins...
متن کاملعوامل خطر وقوع صدمات ناشی از تصادفهای ترافیکی در رانندگان جادهی قزوین ـ لوشان، سال 1384
Background & Objectives: Considering the lack of adequate basic information on risk factors for road traffic injuries in Iran, a study was conducted to determine the association between potential risk factors and the incidence of injuries in motor vehicle drivers. Methods: We performed a population-based case-control study on Qazvin-Loshan road. Risk factors related to injury incidence were...
متن کاملthe effect of household's income gap on children's educational gap whit emphasize on demographic factors
one of the problems of human societies is depriving people, especially children, of the healing elixir of education. In Iran, too, statistics comparing the academic performance of students on both sides of the income spectrum indicate that the educational gap is clearly visible along the income gap. In other words, along with the income poverty of parents, children also benefit from lower level...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention
دوره 8 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2002